Features of growing Syrian hibiscus: planting and care in the open ground, propagation by seeds and cuttings

Syrian hibiscus belongs to tropical plants, however, it is successfully cultivated in garden and home gardens, used in landscape design, and is also grown as a medicinal plant.

This is a typical representative of the Malvov family, the care of which is not particularly difficult.

In our article we show a photo of the plant and tell in detail about how to care for hibiscus in the open ground, as well as how to propagate it.

How to care in the open ground?

It’s easy to take care of a garden Syrian hibiscus, or a Syrian rose, following certain rules. He is not demanding on agricultural technology, and even a beginner grower will master the cultivation of a plant.

Temperature

A tropical plant does not tolerate frosts well, therefore, before the threat of cold weather passes, it needs shelter. It begins to bloom after an average daily temperature of + 14 ... +16 degrees, those. not earlier than mid-June.

Watering mode

Hibiscus is not a water-loving plant. In rainy summers does not need additional manual watering. With prolonged drought, the plant is provided with watering in the amount of 10 liters of water per adult bush.

Lighting

When choosing the optimal lighting for planting hibiscus in the open ground, you need to choose sunny places with the possibility of shading in hot, dry weather.

A place

Hibiscus needs to be protected from the cold northerly winds, therefore, the place is chosen well-lit, covered from drafts by a wall or a fence. When planting, you need to take into account the wind rose - even with a constant south wind, hibiscus will grow poorly and bloom.

Pruning

Flower culture needs regular sanitary and formative pruning. Sanitary pruning is carried out in the first weeks of spring before the movement of juices begins:

1. Thick, dry, old branches are cut with a sharp secateurs or a knife under the root.
2. Cut branches affected by fungal infections, with signs of damage to the bark by rodents or pests.
3. The branches of last year's growth are shortened by a third, if necessary, rejuvenate the bush - by 2/3.

To form a tree:

1. In a new plant, branches are shortened to 2-3 buds without touching the main trunk.
2. Winter (in the last weeks of February) pruning is performed by shortening the side shoots to 1-2 buds, and the main trunk to 5-6 buds.
3. Upon reaching the required height of the main trunk, the crown is made out, cutting off overgrown branches as necessary.

Priming

The soil for planting Syrian hibiscus should be loose, well aerated and fertile. Heavy clay soils poorly permeable to moisture are absolutely unsuitable.

Heavy and poor soils loosen, fertilize in the fall before planting:

• humus;
• compost;
• mineral fertilizers.

Sandy soil is diluted with garden soil.

Top dressing

During the summer, adult flowering bushes are fed at least twice a month. Top dressing can be carried out as complex mineral and organic fertilizers (solid, liquid), introducing them as root top dressing, and prepare nutritional compositions on their own.

• For feeding on bird droppings 1/2 bucket of bird droppings is taken, poured to the top with water and fermented for two weeks. Fertilizer needs periodic stirring 1-2 times a week. After fermentation, the concentrate is diluted in a volume of 0.5 liters per 10 liters of water and introduced under the root of one bush.
• Feeding on plant materials prepared from dandelions, nettles and weeds. The raw materials are rammed into 1/2 containers and filled with water, after which they are placed in a sunny place for fermentation. The mixture is stirred twice a week. After three weeks, the composition will be ready, the concentrate is diluted in proportions of 3 liters of the composition to 7 liters of water.

Transfer

1. At the beginning of spring, sanitary pruning is carried out and young shoots are half cut.
2. After passing spring frosts and always before flowering, the bush is dug up, trying to at least affect the root system.
3. They dig a new hole twice as deep and wider than the roots of the bush.
4. The soil mixture is prepared from soil taken from a pit, peat and sand (2: 1: 4).
5. At the bottom of the new pit, drainage of broken brick or expanded clay is laid at least 15 cm thick.
6. A 10 cm layer of sand is poured on top of the drainage and a layer of compost 15 cm thick is laid, then again a 10 cm layer of sand.
7. The seedling is lowered into the pit and sprinkled with prepared soil mixture so that the root neck is visible.
8. The bush is spudded and watered abundantly in the resulting hole.
9. After the water is completely absorbed, compare the hole with the ground level of the site.

Wintering

The plant needs warming. When grown in open ground in the middle or end of November, a frame is built around the bush on which agrotex or lutrasil is pulled.

• In regions with an average temperature not lower than -15 degrees the plant is covered with lapnik - they tie the bush, cover it with burlap and put lapnik in the form of a hut in three layers.
• In particularly cold regions It is allowed to dig up the bush and carry it over to the winter in any cold room - cellar, basement - until spring.

Breeding

The propagation of hibiscus is carried out by seeds or cuttings.

Sowing seeds

1. Seeds are sown in early March in a seedling box or in May-June when sown in a street greenhouse.
2. In the prepared soil (used for hibiscus purchased or a mixture of garden soil, sand and peat in a ratio of 2: 4: 1) furrows are made 1 cm deep.
3. Seeds are laid out at a distance of at least 3-4 cm from each other, sprinkled with earth and watered abundantly.
4. Before seedlings, the seedling box is covered with polyethylene, opening for watering and ventilation.
5. After the first leaves appear, the greenhouse is removed.
6. Once a week, the soil needs a little loosening of row spacing.
7. If necessary, the seedlings are thinned out.
8. After the appearance of 5-6 real leaves, seedlings are moved to more spacious boxes or flower beds. The height of such seedlings averages 15-25 cm.

Cuttings

1. At the end of June, green cuttings 12-15 cm long and 3-4 internodes are cut.
2. Cuttings are soaked in a rooting agent according to the instructions for the drug.
3. Prepare the soil of the following composition: 1 part of turf and leaf soil, humus, coarse river sand, a handful of bone meal and ash.
4. Planting material is planted in small pots with soil and covered with a plastic bag.
5. Daily packages are removed for ventilation and removal of condensate.
6. After 1.5-2 months, the cuttings are planted in pots of 3-5 liters.

Conditions for good survival of the seedling

1. After planting hibiscus in open ground, the plant should be shaded for a week to reduce stress for the plant.
2. In hot weather, twice a week, the soil around the plant must be moistened by sprinkling in a volume of 10 liters of water.
3. The first dressing after planting is best done in 2-3 weeks with the next watering.

Photo

In the photo you will see what a flowering bush looks like with proper care:

Briefly about diseases and pests

A frequent undesirable guest on hibiscus is the aphid, which can be controlled with both insecticides and natural scaring neighbors - lavender and marigolds. When attacking a spider mite or whitefly, they are treated with solutions of insecticidal preparations.

Of the diseases in the Syrian rose, chlorosis is most common, appearing with a lack of iron and nitrogen in the soil. Manifested by pale leaves, falling of the lower leaves of the bush, poor flowering. For the prevention of chlorosis, mineral complexes are regularly introduced into the soil, which include nitrogen and iron.

Subject to the simple rules for caring for the plant, Syrian hibiscus will long delight the grower with lush greenery and abundant flowering. It will become a worthy decoration of any household or garden plot.

Watch the video: How to grow White Chiffon Rose of Sharon Hibiscus syriacus (November 2024).